{"id":62,"date":"2016-04-12T20:22:17","date_gmt":"2016-04-12T20:22:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/?page_id=62"},"modified":"2016-04-21T12:56:44","modified_gmt":"2016-04-21T12:56:44","slug":"monitoring-poaching-in-south-africa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/monitoring-poaching-in-south-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"Monitoring poaching in South Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section admin_label=&#8221;Section&#8221; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; specialty=&#8221;off&#8221; transparent_background=&#8221;off&#8221; allow_player_pause=&#8221;off&#8221; inner_shadow=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|&#8221; padding_mobile=&#8221;on&#8221; make_fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;off&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;on&#8221; make_equal=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_header admin_label=&#8221;Fullwidth Header&#8221; title=&#8221;Monitoring poaching in South Africa&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; header_fullscreen=&#8221;off&#8221; header_scroll_down=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;off&#8221; content_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; image_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_button_one=&#8221;off&#8221; button_one_letter_spacing=&#8221;0&#8243; button_one_use_icon=&#8221;default&#8221; button_one_icon_placement=&#8221;right&#8221; button_one_on_hover=&#8221;on&#8221; button_one_letter_spacing_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; custom_button_two=&#8221;off&#8221; button_two_letter_spacing=&#8221;0&#8243; button_two_use_icon=&#8221;default&#8221; button_two_icon_placement=&#8221;right&#8221; button_two_on_hover=&#8221;on&#8221; button_two_letter_spacing_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; subhead=&#8221;In South Africa, non-profit Air Shepherd is using UAVs to stop poaching. Photo \u00a9 Air Shepherd&#8221; header_image_url=&#8221;http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/AirShepherdDroneLaunch.png&#8221;] [\/et_pb_fullwidth_header][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=&#8221;section&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;row&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;left&#8221; use_border_color=&#8221;off&#8221; border_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Air Shepherd in South Africa<\/h2>\n<p>When John Petersen retired from the U.S. Naval Reserve in 1993, he knew wanted to use aviation to have a positive impact in the world. 23 years later, he couldn\u2019t have imagined how technological advances would help solve a problem that has existed for decades.<\/p>\n<p>In South Africa, Petersen, along with global aid foundation Air Shepherd, is using UAVs to help prevent the poaching of animals on reserves throughout the country.<\/p>\n<p>Petersen was helping a representative from the Kenya Wildlife Service purchase night vision goggles when the subject of poaching came up. The representative explained just how difficult it is for park rangers to protect the animals.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe rangers own the day, but the poachers own the night,\u201d says Petersen.<\/p>\n<h2>The Problem<\/h2>\n<p>Poachers will often operate under very specific circumstances that are advantageous to them. Usually, they hunt late at night when there is a full moon in areas they know rhinos and elephants like to congregate. Watering holes are a common area where animals will gather exposing them to danger. At night, poachers are mobile, difficult to detect and have the ability to ambush rangers who patrol the reserves. Petersen, a Vietnam war veteran and avid aviator, recognized the potential of UAV technology to monitor illegal activities at night and reduce the number of animals being killed under these circumstances.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt occurred to me that UAVs would solve the problem because they have infrared cameras on them and they can fly at night, and they can see the thermal images of poachers,\u201d says Petersen.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey\u2019re also cheaper and they make less noise\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/w.soundcloud.com\/player\/?url=https%3A\/\/api.soundcloud.com\/tracks\/259044998&amp;color=ff5500&amp;inverse=false&amp;auto_play=false&amp;show_user=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>In 2007, Petersen was approached by the Lindbergh Foundation, a global charitable organization that solves international environmental problems through technological innovation, to be on their board of directors, and help address the issue of elephants being killed for their ivory. Animal ivory is a highly demanded commodity throughout the world, which has led to the poaching of hundreds of thousands of elephants and rhinos. Between 2010 and 2012, more 100,000 African elephants were illegally poached on reserves for their tusks. Annually,\u00a0an average of\u00a040,000 elephants and 1,200 rhinos are killed for their tusks.<\/p>\n<p>Petersen approached different UAV manufacturers that specialize in making professional quality UAVs suitable for long flights and long range analysis. They eventually partnered with South African based company UAV and UAV Solutions LTD (UDS) to help them develop the UAV technology and sensors necessary to identify and track the movements of poachers at night.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cUDS had shown that they were capable of building the kind of equipment we needed,\u201d says Petersen.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey had also already invested $2 million dollars of their own money in research. We knew that it was a partnership that could work.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The UAVs that UDS developed use predictive analysis that forecasts where poachers are likely to target animals. Using this data, they are able to program UAVs to fly over areas where a hunt\u00a0is likely to take place. These UAVs are also equipped with infrared cameras that can easily identify poachers in the bush. This information is then relayed to rangers who patrol the reserves at night. If poachers are present in a particular area, the rangers already know and don\u2019t drive into ambushes unprepared.<\/p>\n<h2>Stealth operations<\/h2>\n<p>In the field, the operating teams work out of a 4&#215;4 vehicle equipped with\u00a0a collapsed antenna on the roof that can be extended up to 9 metres broadcasting to a range of 30 kilometres. The planes are electric, silent and virtually invisible in the night sky.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_199\" style=\"width: 412px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-199\" class=\"wp-image-199 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/AirShepherdMobileVancropped.png\" alt=\"Air Shepherd's drone pilots monitor South Africa's national parks at night.\" width=\"402\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/AirShepherdMobileVancropped.png 402w, https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/AirShepherdMobileVancropped-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/AirShepherdMobileVancropped-400x252.png 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 402px) 100vw, 402px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-199\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Air Shepherd&#8217;s drone pilots monitor South Africa&#8217;s national parks at night. Photo \u00a9 Air Shepherd.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Air Shepherd officially launched its program in March of this year, and it has had an immediate impact on poaching rates in Kruger National Park in as well as the Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife reserve. Both of these parks are home to thousands of rhinos and elephants that are vulnerable.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe can fly for a month or two months, and nothing gets killed,\u201d says Petersen.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThen the day after we stop, the poachers will start hunting again.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The feedback from the park rangers regarding this technology has been positive also. At first, there was a sense that presence of the UAVs may threaten their jobs, but over time, the rangers have come to understand just how valuable a tool the UAVs are.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey understand the benefits of having these things in the field with them,\u201d says Petersen.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey are less at risk now because we can tell them where the danger is and they can be prepared for it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>So far, Air Shepherd has flown over 2000 hours on 1200 missions in reserves across South Africa. Petersen says that his long term goal is for Air Shepherd to develop enough teams to protect animal populations across the continent, and he has begun working with private gaming reserves in Zimbabwe, Botswana and Malawi to accomplish those goals.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"bigquote\">\u201cThe rangers own the day, but the poachers own the night\u201d<\/span><br \/>\n\u2013 John Petersen, Lindbergh Foundation Chairman<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Planning for the future<\/h2>\n<p>Petersen also wants to provide a program that will train local pilots to use the technology in their home countries. This way, the technology will continue to add value to a community even if Petersen and his teams aren\u2019t there. Western organizations often face criticism for bringing new technologies into the developing world and then leaving without empowering the people who live in those areas. Petersen wants to change that.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAfter we leave, we want to leave a system in place with people who have been trained, have the equipment and adequate funding to continue on with this work,\u201d Petersen said.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/w.soundcloud.com\/player\/?url=https%3A\/\/api.soundcloud.com\/tracks\/259251774&amp;color=ff5500&amp;inverse=false&amp;auto_play=false&amp;show_user=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>For now, the main obstacle to achieving these goals is funding. The 4&#215;4 vehicles that contain the broadcasting and monitoring equipment cost around $100,000 each to equip, each UAV costs around $25,000 and pilots have to be trained both in how to fly the UAVs and interpret the images they see.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou have to be able to tell the difference between an anthill and a human being,\u201d says Petersen.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBoth are about the same size, and both look warm at night.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Air Shepherd and the Lindbergh Foundation, are hoping that through private sponsorships and charitable donations, they can raise the nearly $30 million dollars it would take to run this program across the continent. It\u2019s a lot of money, but Petersen feels that the cause is one that people are willing to get behind. Tourism is one of the major economic drivers in Africa, and people come to the continent primarily to experience the natural beauty of the landscape and see the animals. If the animals are constantly being killed, then those countries will suffer.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPeople are excited about elephants and rhinos,\u201d says Petersen. \u201cRight now we\u2019re operating at the intersection of these two very popular subjects with UAVs as the vehicle of effective change.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe fact that we\u2019re effective is particularly appealing to people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Row&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; use_border_color=&#8221;off&#8221; border_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>More applications<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Row&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243;][et_pb_blurb admin_label=&#8221;Blurb&#8221; title=&#8221;Search and rescue in Nepal&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;off&#8221; use_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#b3f7f8&#8243; use_circle=&#8221;off&#8221; circle_color=&#8221;#b3f7f8&#8243; use_circle_border=&#8221;off&#8221; circle_border_color=&#8221;#b3f7f8&#8243; icon_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; animation=&#8221;top&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; use_icon_font_size=&#8221;off&#8221; use_border_color=&#8221;off&#8221; border_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/search-and-rescue-in-nepal\/&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; image=&#8221;http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/AeryonScoutaltered.jpg&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|15px||15px&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Canadian relief agency Global Medic<br \/>\nusing UAVS to coordinate its search<br \/>\nand rescue efforts overseas<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243;][et_pb_blurb admin_label=&#8221;Blurb&#8221; title=&#8221;Tracking migration in Haiti&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;off&#8221; use_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#b3f7f8&#8243; use_circle=&#8221;off&#8221; circle_color=&#8221;#b3f7f8&#8243; use_circle_border=&#8221;off&#8221; circle_border_color=&#8221;#b3f7f8&#8243; icon_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; animation=&#8221;top&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; use_icon_font_size=&#8221;off&#8221; use_border_color=&#8221;off&#8221; border_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/tracking-migration-in-haiti\/&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; image=&#8221;http:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/DroneinHaiti.jpg&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|15px||15px&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">In Haiti, cartographer Pressler Jean is using<br \/>\nhis drone to track the migration of people<br \/>\ndisplaced after the earthquake<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section admin_label=&#8221;Section&#8221; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; specialty=&#8221;off&#8221; transparent_background=&#8221;off&#8221; allow_player_pause=&#8221;off&#8221; inner_shadow=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|&#8221; padding_mobile=&#8221;on&#8221; make_fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;off&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;on&#8221; make_equal=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_header admin_label=&#8221;Fullwidth Header&#8221; title=&#8221;Monitoring poaching in South Africa&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; header_fullscreen=&#8221;off&#8221; header_scroll_down=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;off&#8221; content_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; image_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_button_one=&#8221;off&#8221; button_one_letter_spacing=&#8221;0&#8243; button_one_use_icon=&#8221;default&#8221; button_one_icon_placement=&#8221;right&#8221; button_one_on_hover=&#8221;on&#8221; button_one_letter_spacing_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; custom_button_two=&#8221;off&#8221; button_two_letter_spacing=&#8221;0&#8243; button_two_use_icon=&#8221;default&#8221; button_two_icon_placement=&#8221;right&#8221; button_two_on_hover=&#8221;on&#8221; button_two_letter_spacing_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; subhead=&#8221;In South Africa, non-profit Air Shepherd is using UAVs to stop poaching. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-62","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62"}],"version-history":[{"count":54,"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":432,"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62\/revisions\/432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/drones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}