{"id":488,"date":"2021-11-19T20:23:17","date_gmt":"2021-11-19T20:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/?p=488"},"modified":"2021-12-02T17:56:54","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T17:56:54","slug":"tipping-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/2021\/11\/19\/tipping-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Tipping culture: Where do we go from here once minimum wage increases for liquor servers?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Nicola Steeves hard at work at Umbrella Bar. Photo by Hafsatou Balde.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the summer, there were days when Nicola Steeves would walk up to 40,000 steps during a shift at Umbrella Bar, the sunny Dow\u2019s Lake patio where she works as a bartender and server. At the end of those long days, she would often soak her sore feet and keep Advil and Voltaren nearby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou need to buy a new pair [of shoes] like every two months because they fall apart,\u201d the 26-year-old Ottawa woman said, adding the cost of sneakers alone is enough to appreciate the tips she receives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But Steeves fears those hard-earned tips could soon take a hit when the province raises the minimum wage for liquor servers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Starting Jan. 1, 2022, Ontario will join Alberta and British Columbia in raising the minimum wage for its liquor servers to match the province\u2019s general minimum wage. Liquor servers, who currently earn $12.55 an hour, will soon be making $15 an hour. As wages and the cost of living in Ontario go up, people in the hospitality industry \u2013 everyone from consumers to experts \u2013 wonder what the future of tipping entails.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"flourish-embed flourish-chart\" data-src=\"visualisation\/7845967\"><script src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/resources\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"flourish-embed flourish-chart\" data-src=\"visualisation\/7846144\"><script src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/resources\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Although tipping is a voluntary act, it\u2019s a large part of the dining culture in Canada. Consumers may choose to tip because they received great service, but they\u2019ve also learned it has become what is expected when they\u2019re out at a restaurant or bar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Different approaches to sharing tips<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Steeves earns around $350 to $400 in tips on a good day before pooling tips. Six per cent of every customer\u2019s total of the bill goes into pooling tips. Not all establishments function this way, but at Umbrella Bar, the pooled money is then redistributed among the support staff whether tips are made or not.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf people don\u2019t tip us, [servers] end up paying six per cent out of their own pockets,\u201d Steeves explained.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The act of pooling tips or tip outs is when employers withhold or make deductions from the servers&#8217; tips and then redistribute them among some or all the employees at the workplace who wouldn\u2019t otherwise benefit from tips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-4.jpg\" alt=\"photo of Ben McMurray.\" class=\"wp-image-495\" width=\"355\" height=\"493\"\/><figcaption><em>Ben McMurray. Photo by Adam Brooking.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>On a busy evening, Benjamin McMurray could earn between $35 to $40 an hour at Taproom 260 in Orl\u00e9ans, where the 20-year-old worked until recently when he left to focus on his studies.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou would only have to tip out if you sold over $200,\u201d McMurray said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, on Friday or Saturday nights, which are the busiest at the Works Craft in the Glebe, Jessica Stewart, 24, said a server and a manager on duty makes anywhere between $100 and $150 in tips per shift. Stewart pools her tips to the kitchen and the host. The host receives one per cent while the kitchen receives 1.5 per cent of the tips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Restaurants and bars have different rules on tipping and tipping pools, but no matter the arrangement, servers rely heavily on the tips left over to make a living.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bruce McAdams, an associate professor at the University of Guelph who researched tipping culture and is a strong support of the abolition of tips, argues the increase in the liquor server minimum wage will have a big impact on restaurants, forcing them to increase their pricing.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cServer hours make up over 50 per cent of the hours of labour in a restaurant,\u201d McAdams said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There\u2019s the additional concern that consumers will frequent restaurants less because of the price increase, which will in turn reduce servers\u2019 shifts. \u201cThey\u2019ll actually make less money,\u201d he added.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-3.jpg\" alt=\"welcome sign in front of Banditos restaurant\" class=\"wp-image-499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-3.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-3-980x620.jpg 980w, https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-3-480x304.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><em>Welcome sign in front of Banditos Nov. 16, 2021. <meta charset=\"utf-8\">Photo by Hafsatou Balde.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Many servers on social media and in restaurants are not happy with the idea of scrapping tips simply because their minimum wage is increasing. Servers in Ontario make an average of $30 an hour, according to McAdams, which is twice as much as the proposed minimum wage, resulting in the possibility of them earning less if tipping disappeared.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMinimum wage would have to jump up a lot so that someone would be able to support themselves, especially in Ottawa with the high cost of living,\u201d McMurray said. The liquor server minimum wage and its increase on Jan. 1 will not reflect the inflation rates. The annual rate of inflation reached its highest level since 2013 in October 2021, according to&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thestar.com\/business\/2021\/11\/17\/statistics-canada-to-detail-october-inflation-rate-as-pace-of-price-growth-rises.html\" target=\"_blank\">Statistics Canada<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The difference between paying the rent or not<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The act of tipping helps servers support themselves. \u201cIt\u2019s the difference between being able to pay rent or not \u2013 or being able to treat yourself to something you usually wouldn\u2019t,\u201d Steeves said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Steeves took her sister out to a nice dinner after receiving a generous tip. A man and his two friends were dining at her restaurant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHe tipped 150 per cent and I had to go to the kitchen because it was so unexpected,\u201d Steeves said. Since her tips were pooled, the kitchen staff would have benefited from that 150 per cent tip as well.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Stewart\u2019s case, cash tips are key because tips included in electronic payments can take weeks to materialize. \u201cI have a regular come in and he tips really well. He always tips cash too,\u201d Stewart said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHe gets a meal that\u2019s 25 bucks and gives me 70 bucks.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Almost all the money McMurray was making was going towards tuition. \u201cA birthday group of 10 people ran up a $400 tab and they ended up leaving an $80 tip, which was the most I\u2019ve ever made,\u201d McMurray said. \u201cIt was nice to be able to see that the hard work I\u2019m putting in would result in a good pay for school.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But McMurray said he is aware some consumers believe the service should be included in the price when they pay for their meals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI can understand where tipping is an issue for some people because they feel like they\u2019ve paid for the product,\u201d he said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If tipping as we know it were to stop, McMurray said he believes it would discourage a lot of servers from continuing in the job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Steeves agreed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou would not keep quality people in the industry because we don\u2019t do what we do for minimum wage.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the tips can be great at times, a lot of servers are in the business because they enjoy serving and providing an experience to their customers. \u201cServing is a love language for me,\u201d Steeves said.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A lot of the people she served over the summer were getting together for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic, so Steeves said she tried to ensure they had a good experience at her restaurant.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-2.jpg\" alt=\"patrons at umbrella bar\" class=\"wp-image-506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-2.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-2-980x620.jpg 980w, https:\/\/cusjc.ca\/theragingtwenties\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Image-2-480x304.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><em>Customers dining at Umbrella Bar Nov. 16, 2021. Photo by Hafsatou Balde.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The downsides of tipping culture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>McAdams argues tipping should not be a part of restaurants and bars. Through his&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/journals-scholarsportal-info.proxy.library.carleton.ca\/details\/15378020\/v20i0004\/432_tohdgaro.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">research,<\/a>&nbsp;McAdams found there is some animosity between servers and cooks.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf you\u2019re a cook making $15 an hour and you know servers make tips and now you hear they\u2019re making the same amount as you plus their tips, you may feel disenfranchised about the work you\u2019re doing,\u201d he said. Although a lot of places pool tips, servers are the ones benefitting the most.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the main reasons for McAdams\u2019 strong belief in tipping abolition is the sexualization of servers. \u201cYou walk into an upper casual restaurant and unfortunately, women are wearing heels, makeup and their hair is done up because they\u2019re asked or they know they will make more tips because of it,\u201d McAdams said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Steeves has not experienced being sexualized herself, but she agrees it is common in certain types of bars. \u201cIt\u2019s an industry where you\u2019re expected to look a certain way,\u201d she said. \u201cNo one wants to eat somewhere where your server looks like they don\u2019t bathe.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To further his point, McAdams recalls a first-year undergraduate student came to him after a class on tipping and shared with him that at her campus bar \u2013 where she doesn\u2019t wear makeup and her hair is always up \u2013 her female trainer told her that she would make more tips if she put on makeup, wore her hair down, and undid a few buttons.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is an 18-year-old woman. That\u2019s why we should stop tipping,\u201d McAdams said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research on tipping has evolved since McAdams\u2019 work was published in 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers at Dalhousie University published a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.dal.ca\/content\/dam\/dalhousie\/pdf\/sites\/agri-food\/Tipping%20Study%20(June%2019%202021)%20EN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">study<\/a>&nbsp;in June that found more people are questioning the idea of tipping. The online survey of Canadians gathered attitudes and perceptions towards tipping during the pandemic, and found 48 per cent of the participants felt pressure to give a good tip more so than before the pandemic.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back at Umbrella Bar, Steeves was taking a break during a recent shift. She said she fears the upcoming changes to Ontario\u2019s minimum wage could create an exodus of servers out of the industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf it turns out that people stop tipping and servers are just making minimum wage, I don\u2019t think a lot of people are going to stick around.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Liquor servers, who currently earn $12.55 an hour, will soon be making $15 an hour. As wages and the cost of living in Ontario go up, people in the hospitality industry \u2013 everyone from consumers to experts \u2013 wonder what the future of tipping entails.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":490,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pgc_meta":"","_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"1080","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"Nicola Steeves hard at work at Umbrella Bar. 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